I. Substrate Preparation: Laying a Solid Foundation
The electrical conductivity of the substrate is crucial for the construction of anti-static self-leveling coatings, and the concrete resistance must be ≤1×10⁶ Ω. If the resistance exceeds the standard, conductive grinding discs should be used for grinding until the aggregate is exposed, followed by the application of conductive primer. Meanwhile, the flatness error of the substrate should be controlled within ≤2mm/2m; for sunken areas, conductive mortar should be used for filling and repair.
The moisture content of the substrate is also important and should be maintained at ≤6%. Before construction, a dedicated moisture meter must be used for testing, with one test point set per 10㎡. Construction of the anti-static self-leveling coating can only be carried out when the average value meets the standard. If the substrate is relatively humid, breathable moisture-proof membranes can be laid with an overlap width of ≥10cm, sealed with conductive tape. Additionally, a dryer can be used in conjunction, with a daily drying time of ≥8 hours, until the moisture content reaches the qualified standard.
Before construction, insulating impurities on the substrate surface must be thoroughly removed. For cement laitance, diamond grinding discs should be used for grinding until no powder residue remains. For oil stains, the surface should first be soaked in conductive degreaser for 20 minutes, then scrubbed, and finally rinsed clean with conductive cleaning agent. If the substrate rebound value is <30MPa, a conductive penetrant with a penetration depth of ≥3mm should be applied to ensure the formation of a complete conductive system with the anti-static self-leveling coating.
II. Material Construction: Precise Quality Control
Conductive Primer Construction
Mix the conductive primer at a ratio of 1:1, and stir it at high speed with an electric mixer for 5 minutes to ensure full integration of the material. Then, apply it using a serrated trowel, with the application amount controlled at 0.2-0.3kg/㎡, ensuring the primer fully penetrates into the substrate to a depth of ≥2mm, thereby forming a continuous conductive layer. Within 30 minutes after construction, carefully inspect and touch up any missed areas to eliminate any insulating points.
Mid-Coat Material Construction
Uniformly mix 50-80 mesh conductive quartz sand into the mid-coat material, stir well, and then perform troweling, with the troweling thickness controlled at 1-2mm. After completing the construction of every 1㎡, promptly test the resistance value to ensure it remains stable between 1×10⁴-1×10⁹ Ω, so as to guarantee the overall conductive stability of the anti-static self-leveling coating. A 5cm overlap should be maintained between adjacent construction areas, and a conductive roller should be used for compaction to prevent delamination.
Anti-Static Self-Leveling Topcoat Construction
After adding the curing agent to the anti-static self-leveling topcoat, stir it clockwise for 8 minutes, then let it stand for 2 minutes to eliminate bubbles generated during the stirring process. During construction, continuously pour the topcoat from one side to allow it to self-level, with the flow slope ≤3°. If necessary, use a defoaming roller to roll over each square meter at least 3 times to ensure the topcoat is flat and free of bubbles. The thickness of the topcoat should be controlled at 2-3mm to ensure uniform distribution of conductive particles.
III. Environment and Safety: Ensuring Smooth Construction
Environmental Condition Control
During construction, the temperature should be maintained between 15-30℃. If the temperature is too low, a constant-temperature air conditioner can be used for heating; if the temperature is too high, a retarder should be added to extend the service life of the anti-static self-leveling material to more than 30 minutes. Meanwhile, the relative humidity should be kept at 40%-60%. When the humidity is high, dehumidifiers and exhaust fans should be turned on simultaneously to ensure the humidity fluctuation is ≤5% per hour, preventing environmental factors from affecting construction quality.
Safety Measure Implementation
Construction personnel must wear conductive clothing and shoes and wear grounding wristbands, ensuring the resistance between the wristband and the grounding electrode is ≤1Ω. A temporary grounding system should be set up at the construction site with a grounding resistance ≤4Ω, and the metal casings of all equipment should be reliably grounded. During construction, it is strictly prohibited to use iron tools to stir the anti-static self-leveling material to prevent sparks from causing safety accidents.
Post-Construction Inspection and Maintenance
After the anti-static self-leveling coating surface dries (usually 6-8 hours), the surface resistance should be tested every 2 hours. If a sudden change in resistance value is detected, conductive repair agent should be used for treatment in a timely manner. After complete curing (48 hours), test the grounding continuity to ensure the resistance difference between any two points is ≤10%. Before the material is fully cured (10 days), it is forbidden to lay any coverings on the floor; a vacuum cleaner can be used to clean the surface to prevent the accumulation of insulating dust, which may affect the conductive performance of the anti-static self-leveling coating.
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